第9章
This might be
called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has
a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re “hot”.
That’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body
temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the afternoon. For
others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it
leads to such familiar monologues (自言自语) as: “Get up, John! You’ll be late for work
again!” The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his
temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when
husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each
member of the family has. You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make
your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the
evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract (对抗) your cycle to some
extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If our energy is low in the morning
but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This
won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam (鼓起干劲) and work better at your low
point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and
stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid
the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever
possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or
concentration for your sharper hours.
31. If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably ________.
A) he is a lazy person
B) he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
C) he is not sure when his energy is low
D) he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
32. Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?
A) Unawareness of energy cycles.
B) Familiar monologues.
C) A change in a family member’s energy cycle.
D) Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.
33. If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should
________.
A) change his energy cycle
B) overcome his laziness
C) get up earlier than usual
D) go to bed earlier
34. You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will ________.
A) help to keep your energy for the day’s work
B) help you to control your temper early in the day
C) enable you to concentrate on your routine work
D) keep your energy cycle under control all day
35. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A) Getting off to work wit a minimum effort helps save one’s energy.
B) Dr. Kleitman explains why people reach their peaks at different hours of day.
C) Habit helps a person adapt to his own energy cycle.
D) Children have energy cycles, too.
Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed ability teaching. On the
contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many
disadvantages in streaming (把…按能力分班) pupils. It does not take into account the
fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright
and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of
the top grade!