第16章
The term itself seems to imply soon extent of
“knowing” about computers, but knowing what. The current opinion seems to be that this
should include a general knowledge of what computers are, plus a little of their history
and something of how they operate.
Therefore, it is vital that educators everywhere take a careful look not only at what
is being done, but also at what should be done in the field of computer education. Today
most adults are capable of utilising a motor vehicle without the slightest knowledge of
how the internal-combustion engine works. We effectively use all types of electrical
equipment without being able to tell their histories or to explain how they work. Business
people for years have made good use of typewriters and adding machines, yet few have
ever known how to repair them. Why, then, attempt to teach computers by teaching how
or why they work?
Rather, we first must concentrate on teaching the effective use of the computer as
the tool is.
“Knowing how to use a computer is what’s going to be important, we don’t talk
about ‘automobile literacy. ‘ We just get in our cars and drive them.”
31. In 1990, the number of jobs having nothing to do with computers in the United
States will be reduced to ________.
A) 79 million
B) 30 million
C) 70 million
D) 100 million
32. The expression “Print illiterate” (Para. 1, Line 16) refers to ________.
A) one who has never learnt printing
B) one who is not computer literate
C) one who has never learnt to read
D) one who is not able to use a typewriter
33. The first paragraph is mainly about ________.
A) recent predictions of computer-related jobs
B) the wide use of computers in schools
C) the urgency of computer education
D) public interest in computers
34. According to the author, the effective way to spread the use of computers is to teach
________.
A) what computers are
B) how to use computers
C) where computers can be used
D) how computers work
35. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A) What to teach about computers should be reconsidered.
B) Those who are not educated in computer use will find it difficult to get a job.
C) Human society has already entered the Information Age.
D) Those who want to use computers should know how computers operate.
Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
Editor:
While a new school term is about to begin, perhaps we should reconsider the matter
of examinations. In July, two writers (Letters to the Editor) praised the cancellation of
exams because they believe “tests don’t tell the whole story.”
As a teacher who has worked in four countries, I have had the experience that a
student who earns good marks is generally a good student, and that a student’s final
mark in a subject is usually a grade average of the year’s work. Of course there are
exceptions, but they do not have the frequency that would give an unfair picture of a
student’s ability.
The simple fact is that proper class work, diligent exam studies and good marks are
almost certain indicators of a student’s future performance. The opposite, almost certainly,
incompetence.
There is no acceptable substitute for competition and examination of quality. How
can teachers and future officials determine what a student has learned and remembered?
Should we simply take the student word for it? Any institution that “liberates” students
from fair and formal exams is misguided, if not ignorant. And surely the “graduates” of
such institutions will lack trustworthiness, not to mention being rejected by foreign
universities for graduate or other studies.
When all is said and done, I sense that a fear of failure and a fear of unpleasant
comparison with others is at the bottom of most ban-exams (废除考试) talk. Excellence
and quality fear nothing. On the contrary, they seek competition and desire the
satisfaction of being the best.
36. Which of the following will the author of this passage probably agree with?